Human rights

Hawliau dynol

rainbow figures holding hands

In the UK, all public authorities, including the NHS and authorities based in Wales, have a duty to respect and promote individuals’ human rights.

Human rights can improve experiences for all individuals from service users to health and social care workers.

Human rights are basic rights which are afforded to all individuals.

Human rights are protected by the Human Rights Act 1998 – if human rights are breached, individuals can use this Act to take action.

Yn y DU, mae gan bob awdurdod cyhoeddus, gan gynnwys y GIG ac awdurdodau sydd wedi'u lleoli yng Nghymru, ddyletswydd i barchu a hyrwyddo hawliau dynol unigolion.

Gall hawliau dynol wella profiadau i bob unigolyn, o ddefnyddwyr gwasanaeth i weithwyr iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol.

Hawliau dynol yw'r hawliau sylfaenol sydd gan bob unigolyn.

Caiff hawliau dynol eu diogelu gan Ddeddf Hawliau Dynol 1998 – os caiff hawliau dynol eu torri, gall unigolion ddefnyddio'r Ddeddf hon i gymryd camau.

What rights have you got?

Compare your ideas in your groups.

Pa hawliau sydd gennych chi?

Cymharwch eich syniadau yn eich grwpiau.

Human rights

Hawliau dynol

Human rights

Rights covered by Human Rights Act 1998:

  • The right to life
  • The right to respect for private and family life
  • The right to freedom of religion and belief
  • The right to education
  • The right to freedom of thought
  • The right to be treated with respect and dignity
  • The right to be heard.

Hawliau sydd wedi'u cwmpasu gan Ddeddf Hawliau Dynol 1998:

  • Yr hawl i fywyd
  • Yr hawl i gael parch ar gyfer bywyd teuluol a phreifat
  • Yr hawl i ryddid crefydd a chred
  • Yr hawl i addysg
  • Yr hawl i ryddid meddwl
  • Yr hawl i gael eich trin â pharch ac urddas
  • Yr hawl i gael eich clywed.

How could you apply some of these human rights to service users who use health/social care services?

Could you produce a poster giving some knowledge to individuals who use health/social care services informing individuals how they are protected under the Human Rights Act – give some description of at least two human rights.

Sut y gallech gymhwyso rhai o'r hawliau dynol hyn at ddefnyddwyr gwasanaethau sy'n defnyddio gwasanaethau iechyd/gofal cymdeithasol?

Allech chi lunio poster yn rhoi rhywfaint o wybodaeth i unigolion sy'n defnyddio gwasanaethau iechyd/gofal cymdeithasol ynglŷn â sut y maent wedi'u hamddiffyn o dan y Ddeddf Hawliau Dynol – rhowch rywfaint o ddisgrifiad o ddwy hawl ddynol o leiaf.

Human rights

Hawliau dynol

Let’s think back to the Hilda case study.

Hilda is 77 and lives on her own. She needs extra support but does not want to go into a residential care setting (later adulthood).

Explain why it is important for health and social workers to show empathy, reliability and patience when helping individuals achieve their personal goals.

Beth am i ni feddwl am astudiaeth achos Hilda eto.

Mae Hilda yn 77 oed ac yn byw ar ei phen ei hun. Mae angen cymorth ychwanegol arni ond nid yw am symud i leoliad gofal preswyl (oedolaeth ddiweddarach).

Esboniwch pam ei bod yn bwysig i weithwyr iechyd a chymdeithasol ddangos empathi, dibynadwyedd ac amynedd wrth helpu unigolion i gyflawni eu nodau personol.

Firstly, it is important to recognise that Hilda is protected under current legislation and the principles of human rights. She has the right to be treated with respect and dignity.

Health and social care workers could show empathy to Hilda by trying to understand how Hilda is feeling, e.g. she may feel frustrated and disempowered. Hilda may feel frightened as she may feel like she is going to have to leave her home.

How can you show empathy?

  1. Active listening – listen to Hilda, by repeating back and confirming what her personal outcomes are.
  2. Using appropriate eye contact – this shows Hilda that you are interested in what she has to say.
  3. Non-verbal cues – make sure your non-verbal communications demonstrate to Hilda that you care.

Hilda needs health and social care workers to be reliable as she may depend on them to achieve her personal care outcomes, e.g. preparing meals or helping her take her medication. Hilda must be safeguarded from risk as she may no longer be able to complete everyday tasks. If no carer turns up, she may panic and attempt to complete the herself, which could lead to an injury.

Also, health/social care workers need to be patient with Hilda as she may be finding it difficult to accept that she needs support and may need time to get used to the new routine.

Yn gyntaf, mae'n bwysig cydnabod bod Hilda wedi'i hamddiffyn o dan ddeddfwriaeth gyfredol ac egwyddorion hawliau dynol. Mae ganddi'r hawl i gael ei thrin â pharch ac urddas.

Dylai gweithwyr iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol ddangos empathi tuag at Hilda drwy geisio deall sut mae hi'n teimlo, e.e. efallai ei bod hi'n teimlo'n rhwystredig ac wedi'i dadrymuso. Efallai bod Hilda yn teimlo'n ofnus am ei bod yn credu y bydd yn rhaid iddi adael ei chartref.

Sut y gallwch ddangos empathi?

  1. Gwrando gweithredol – gwrando ar Hilda, gan ailadrodd yr hyn y mae'n ei ddweud a chadarnhau beth yw ei chanlyniadau personol.
  2. Defnyddio cyswllt llygaid priodol – mae hyn yn dangos i Hilda bod gennych ddiddordeb yn yr hyn sydd ganddi i'w ddweud.
  3. Ciwiau dieiriau – sicrhewch fod eich cyfathrebu dieiriau yn dangos i Hilda eich bod yn poeni amdani.

Mae angen i weithwyr iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol Hilda fod yn ddibynadwy oherwydd bydd yn dibynnu arnynt efallai i gyflawni ei chanlyniadau gofal personol, e.e. paratoi prydau neu ei helpu i gymryd ei meddyginiaeth. Mae'n rhaid i Hilda gael ei diogelu rhag risgiau gan na fydd efallai yn gallu cyflawni tasgau pob dydd mwyach. Os na fydd gofalwr yn dod, efallai y bydd yn mynd i banig ac yn ceisio cwblhau'r dasg ei hun, a all arwain at anaf.

Human rights

Hawliau dynol

Identify ways in which a care home could promote human rights:

Nodwch ffyrdd y gallai cartref gofal hyrwyddo hawliau dynol:

Staff should value privacy, dignity and self-esteem, e.g. individuals have the right to a private space, opportunity to choose how they dress and how they would like to be addressed.

Staff should promote the right to be heard for individuals, ask individuals how they wish to spend their time and make sure they have access to support, e.g. advocacy.

Staff should respect religion/belief – individuals should feel that staff understand their beliefs and observe dietary and dress requirements. Individuals should have a space in which to pray and be able to attend places of worship.

Staff should balance safety and risk but remember risk-taking is regarded as normal and important when individuals would like their autonomy and independence respected.

Dylai staff werthfawrogi preifatrwydd, urddas a hunan-barch, e.e. mae gan unigolion yr hawl i gael lle preifat, cyfle i ddewis beth maent am ei wisgo a sut y byddent am i bobl eu cyfarch.

Dylai staff hyrwyddo'r hawl i unigolion gael eu clywed, gofyn i unigolion sut yr hoffent dreulio eu hamser a sicrhau eu bod yn gallu cael gafael ar gymorth, e.e. eiriolaeth.

Dylai staff barchu crefydd/credoau – dylai unigolion deimlo bod staff yn deall eu credoau a bodloni eu gofynion o ran deiet a gwisg. Dylai fod gan unigolion le i weddïo a dylent fod yn gallu mynychu mannau addoli.

Dylai staff bwyso a mesur diogelwch a risg ond dylent gofio bod cymryd risgiau yn cael ei ystyried yn rhywbeth normal a bod unigolion am i'w hymreolaeth a'u hannibynniaeth gael eu parchu.