Freedom: autonomy, self-esteem and equality

Rhyddid: ymreolaeth, hunan-barch a chydraddoldeb

Summertime rooftop party

This includes:

  • autonomy
  • passion
  • self-esteem
  • open-mindedness
  • equal rights
  • dissent
  • choices
  • risk-taking.

Autonomy is the urge to direct our own lives. Individuals have a fundamental need to be in control of their lives. When individuals choose and direct their own activities and lives, they experience a sense of self-direction, freedom and satisfaction. This need to feel effective is essential to self-worth and self-esteem. Learning new skills throughout life promotes autonomy and self-esteem. Individuals have a fundamental need for esteem, to be respected for what they do. Both internal and external esteem come from things like successes, achievements, social status, and recognition by others.

Individuals who do have freedom to make decisions may lack confidence and have low self-esteem and a low sense of self-worth.

Under new legislation, Social Services and Well-being (Wales) Act 2014, when making decisions, the individuals should have their voice clearly heard. When decisions are made, health and social care providers should use person-centered care. By ensuring that individuals’ voices are heard, not only are health/social care workers following the law but they are giving individuals a sense of belonging, which consequently could raise their self-esteem.

When you give individuals a voice and clearly give them information and support, they can then make informed decisions and choices about their lives in order to live as independently as possible. This is known as empowerment.

Mae hyn yn cynnwys:

  • ymreolaeth
  • angerdd
  • hunan-barch
  • meddwl agored
  • hawliau cyfartal
  • anghytuno
  • dewisiadau
  • cymryd risgiau.

Ymreolaeth yw'r dyhead i gyfeirio ein bywydau ein hunain. Mae gan unigolion angen sylfaenol i fod mewn rheolaeth dros eu bywydau. Pan mae unigolion yn dewis ac yn cyfeirio eu gweithgareddau a'u bywydau eu hunain, maen nhw'n profi ymdeimlad o hunangyfeirio, rhyddid a boddhad. Mae'r angen hwn i deimlo'n effeithiol yn hanfodol i hunan-werth a hunan-barch. Mae dysgu sgiliau newydd drwy gydol oes yn hyrwyddo ymreolaeth a hunan-barch. Mae gan unigolion angen sylfaenol am barch, i gael eu parchu am yr hyn maen nhw'n ei wneud. Mae parch mewnol ac allanol yn dod o bethau fel llwyddiannau, cyflawniadau, statws cymdeithasol, a chydnabyddiaeth gan eraill.

Efallai fod unigolion sydd â rhyddid i wneud penderfyniadau yn ddihyder a bod ganddyn nhw hunan-barch isel ac ymdeimlad isel o hunan-werth.

O dan ddeddfwriaeth newydd, Deddf Gwasanaethau Cymdeithasol a Llesiant (Cymru) 2014, wrth wneud penderfyniadau, dylai llais yr unigolion gael ei glywed yn eglur. Pan mae penderfyniadau'n cael eu gwneud, dylai darparwyr iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol ddefnyddio gofal person-ganolog. Drwy sicrhau bod lleisiau unigolion yn cael eu clywed, nid yn unig mae gweithwyr iechyd/gofal cymdeithasol yn dilyn y gyfraith, ond maen nhw'n rhoi ymdeimlad o berthyn i unigolion, a gallai hwnnw godi eu hunan-barch o ganlyniad.

Pan fyddwch chi'n rhoi llais i unigolion a rhoi gwybodaeth a chymorth iddynt yn eglur, byddan nhw wedyn yn gallu gwneud penderfyniadau a dewisiadau gwybodus am eu bywydau er mwyn byw mor annibynnol ag sy'n bosibl. Grymuso yw'r enw ar hyn.

Freedom: autonomy, self-esteem and equality

Rhyddid: ymreolaeth, hunan-barch a chydraddoldeb

Scenario 1

Sixteen-year-old Tom is living with diabetes. He has a supportive family, but because of concerns for his health they are very protective and do not like him socialising with friends or being away from home overnight.

Senario 1

Mae Tom, sy'n 16 oed, yn byw gyda diabetes. Mae ganddo deulu cefnogol, ond oherwydd eu bod nhw'n poeni am ei iechyd, maen nhw'n amddiffynnol iawn a dydyn nhw ddim yn hoffi ei fod yn cymdeithasu â ffrindiau neu'n aros dros nos oddi cartref.

QuestionCwestiwn Your AnswerEich Ymateb Suggested ResponseYmateb Awgrymedig

Suggested Response:

Ymateb Awgrymedig:

Freedom: autonomy, self-esteem and equality

Rhyddid: ymreolaeth, hunan-barch a chydraddoldeb

Scenario 2

Jean is 98 and is supported through social care via a residential care home for adults. Jean feels that she wants to make the most of every day; she has a thirst for adventure but the care home she lives at is risk-averse. The care home has refused to take her to the local ice rink as they are concerned about her falling. Jean was an extremely proficient skater when she was younger and is frustrated that she is being blocked from choosing what she wants to do.

Senario 2

Mae Jean yn 98 ac yn cael ei chefnogi drwy ofal cymdeithasol mewn cartref gofal preswyl i oedolion. Mae Jean yn teimlo ei bod hi eisiau atbrynu bob diwrnod; mae hi'n sychedu am antur ond mae'r cartref gofal lle mae hi'n byw yn wrth-risg. Mae'r cartref gofal wedi gwrthod mynd â hi i'r llawr rhew lleol oherwydd eu bod nhw'n poeni y bydd hi'n cwympo. Roedd Jean yn sglefrio'n eithriadol o dda pan oedd hi'n ifancach ac mae hi'n rhwystredig ei bod hi'n cael ei hatal rhag dewis beth mae hi eisiau ei wneud.

QuestionCwestiwn Your ResponseEich Ymateb Suggested AnswerAteb Awgrymedig

Suggested Answer:

Ateb Awgrymedig:

Freedom: autonomy, self-esteem and equality

Rhyddid: ymreolaeth, hunan-barch a chydraddoldeb

Scenario 3

Pooran lost his wife last year and has since moved from Cardiff into a care home just outside Cowbridge. Before the move, he visited the Gurdwara on Tudor Street in Cardiff every week. The care home puts on a minibus every Sunday to take many of the residents to Church. Pooran has asked if it would be possible for them to arrange transport for him to visit the Gurdwara. They have told him that as he is the only resident that wants to visit, it isn’t cost effective to take him.

Senario 3

Collodd Pooran ei wraig y llynedd ac ers hynny mae wedi symud o Gaerdydd i gartref gofal ar gyrion y Bont-faen. Cyn symud, roedd yn arfer ymweld â'r Gurdwara ar Stryd Tudor yng Nghaerdydd bob wythnos. Mae'r cartref gofal yn trefnu bws mini bob dydd Sul i fynd â llawer o'r preswylwyr i'r Eglwys. Mae Pooran wedi gofyn a fyddai hi'n bosibl iddyn nhw drefnu cludiant iddo ymweld â'r Gurdwara. Maen nhw wedi dweud wrtho, gan mai ef yw'r unig breswylydd sydd eisiau ymweld, nad yw hi'n gost-effeithiol i fynd ag ef.

QuestionCwestiwn Your ResponseEich Ymateb Suggested AnswerAteb Awgrymedig

Suggested Answer:

Ateb Awgrymedig:

Freedom: autonomy, self-esteem and equality

Rhyddid: ymreolaeth, hunan-barch a chydraddoldeb

1. Explain 3 ways in which a care home could empower individuals living there and how this would ensure their identity is at the centre of all their care.

1. Esboniwch 3 ffordd y gallai cartref gofal rymuso'r unigolion sy'n byw yno a sut byddai hyn yn sicrhau bod eu hunaniaeth yn ganolog i'w gofal i gyd.

Suggested answer

One way individuals could be empowered is by giving them a choice over the ways they receive their medication, food and are bathed. Doing this will help foster a sense of belonging as they won’t be relying on others to make all their decision.

A second way individuals could be empowered would be for the care home to recognise the individual as person and understand that they have their own identity. Recognising the elderly person as an individual rather than someone with a particular diagnosis enables them to feel valued as a person and more willing to contribute to their own care.

A third way an individual could be empowered is by encouraging them to use their strengths. For example, if an individual is a former hairdresser and is still capable of cutting hair, recognise this and ask them if they would like to help in cutting hair. You could even ask if they’d like to help some trainee hairdressers. Asking individuals makes them feel cared for and may improve their self-esteem.

Ateb awgrymedig

Un ffordd bosibl o rymuso unigolion yw drwy roi dewis iddyn nhw ynghylch sut maen nhw'n cael eu moddion, eu bwyd a sut maen nhw'n cael eu golchi. Bydd gwneud hyn yn helpu i feithrin ymdeimlad o berthyn oherwydd na fyddan nhw'n dibynnu ar eraill i wneud eu penderfyniadau i gyd.

Ail ffordd bosibl o rymuso unigolion fyddai i'r cartref gofal gydnabod yr unigolion fel pobl a deall bod ganddyn nhw eu hunaniaeth eu hunain. Mae cydnabod y bobl oedrannus fel unigolion yn hytrach na rhywrai sydd â diagnosis penodol yn eu galluogi i deimlo'n werthfawr fel pobl ac yn fwy parod i gyfrannu at eu gofal eu hunain.

Ffordd arall y byddai'n bosibl grymuso unigolion yw drwy eu hannog i ddefnyddio eu cryfderau. Er enghraifft, os oedd unigolyn yn arfer bod yn driniwr gwallt ac mae'n dal i allu torri gwallt, dylech chi gydnabod hyn a gofyn iddo/iddi a fyddai'i hoffi helpu i dorri gwallt. Gallech chi hyd yn oed ofyn a fyddai’n hoffi helpu rhai trinwyr gwallt o dan hyfforddiant. Mae gofyn i unigolion yn gwneud iddyn nhw deimlo bod rhywun yn poeni amdanyn nhw a gall hyn wella eu hunan-barch.