Sexuality is about our sexual feelings towards others and covers a broad spectrum. It is deeply personal. It's about understanding the sexual feelings and attractions we feel towards others. Sexuality varies from person to person and it is not as simple as being ‘gay’ or ‘straight’. Some individuals may be attracted to both men and women.
Sexuality can fall into the following categories:
People can be discriminated against due to their sexuality and may experience feelings of low self-esteem because of this. Knowing and understanding which group you fall into may be confusing and can cause anxiety, particularly for adolescents.
Further reading:
Mae rhywioldeb yn ymwneud â'n teimladau rhywiol tuag at eraill ac mae'n cwmpasu sbectrwm eang. Mae'n bersonol iawn. Mae'n ymwneud â deall y teimladau a'r atyniadau rhywiol rydym yn eu teimlo tuag at eraill. Mae rhywioldeb yn amrywio o berson i berson ac nid yw mor syml â bod yn ‘hoyw’ neu’n ‘syth’. Efallai y bydd rhai unigolion yn cael eu denu at ddynion a menywod.
Mae'r newidiadau hyn yn perthyn i'r categorïau dilynol:
Gellir gwahaniaethu yn erbyn pobl oherwydd eu rhywioldeb a gallent brofi teimladau o hunan-barch isel oherwydd hyn. Gall gwybod a deall pa grŵp rydych yn perthyn iddo fod yn ddryslyd a gall achosi gorbryder, yn arbennig i bobl ifanc.
Darllen pellach:
Use the thought shower to note as many effects of celibacy as you can think of.
Defnyddiwch y gawod syniadau i nodi cynifer o fathau gwahanol o ymgadw'n anweddog (celibacy) ag y gallwch.
Celibacy is defined as ‘the state of abstaining from marriage and sexual relations’. What are the positive and negative effects of celibacy on the health and well-being of individuals?
Diffinnir ymgadw'n anweddog fel ‘cyflwr ymatal rhag priodas a chysylltiadau rhywiol’. Beth yw effeithiau cadarnhaol a negyddol ymgadw'n anweddog ar iechyd a llesiant unigolion?
Positive
Negative
Cadarnhaol
Negyddol
Use the thought shower to note as many effects of monogamy as you can think of.
Defnyddiwch y gawod syniadau i nodi cynifer o fathau gwahanol o fonogami ag y gallwch.
Monogamy is defined as only one sexual partner or marriage with one person at a time. What are the positive and negative effects of monogamy on the health and well-being of individuals?
Diffinnir monogami fel un partner rhywiol neu briodas yn unig ag un person ar y tro. Beth yw effeithiau cadarnhaol a negyddol monogami ar iechyd a llesiant unigolion?
Positive
Negative
Cadarnhaol
Negyddol
There is a direct link between the crime rate in the individual lives and their well-being. In areas where the crime rates are higher, people are more likely to live in fear and may become socially isolated due to being too scared to go out. This might be particularly more for vulnerable groups of people, such as older adults. The risk of crimes, such as burglary, may be higher. This could cause individuals to feel unsafe in their own homes.
Violent crime that involves knives and guns is on in the increase in Wales. Although most people will never experience serious violent crime, adolescents are more at risk and figures indicate that young black men are the victims of knife crime more than any other group.
There are a number of different effects knife and gun crime can have on well-being; knife and gun crime can result in serious injury or, in some cases, death. There are also emotional effects where people may live in fear and may isolate themselves due to being too scared to leave their house for fear of attack.
Mae cysylltiad uniongyrchol rhwng y gyfradd droseddu ym mywydau unigolion a'u llesiant. Mewn ardaloedd lle mae'r cyfraddau troseddu'n uwch, mae pobl yn fwy tebygol o fyw mewn ofn a gallant ddod yn ynysig yn gymdeithasol oherwydd bod arnynt ormod o ofn i fynd allan. Gallai hyn fod yn arbennig o berthnasol i grwpiau o bobl sy'n agored i niwed, megis oedolion hŷn. Gallai'r risg o droseddau, megis byrgleriaeth, fod yn uwch. Gallai hyn beri i unigolion deimlo'n anniogel yn eu cartrefi eu hunain.
Mae troseddau treisgar sy'n cynnwys cyllyll a gynnau ar gynnydd yng Nghymru. Er na fydd y mwyafrif o bobl byth yn profi troseddau treisgar difrifol, mae pobl ifanc mewn mwy o berygl ac mae ffigurau'n dangos bod mwy o ddynion ifanc du yn dioddef troseddau cyllyll nag unrhyw grŵp arall.
Mae yna nifer o wahanol effeithiau y gall troseddau â chyllyll a gynnau eu cael ar lesiant; gall troseddau â chyllyll a gynnau arwain at anaf difrifol neu, mewn rhai achosion, marwolaeth. Mae effeithiau emosiynol hefyd lle gall pobl fyw mewn ofn a gallent eu hynysu eu hunain oherwydd bod arnynt ormod o ofn i adael eu tŷ rhag ofn ymosodiad.
Cigarettes are a legal substance and they are the single largest cause of preventable ill health in Wales. Cigarettes are highly addictive and can cause an array of health problems, especially if people smoke them long-term. People are likely to need support to quit.
Electronic cigarettes, or vaping as it is also known, is a relatively new replacement for cigarettes that some people take up. They are battery-powered devices that heat a liquid, usually containing nicotine, mixed with the chemicals, and often flavourings, such as bubble gum and watermelon. This creates a vapour that users can inhale. They deliver nicotine, which is also found in cigarettes and is highly addictive, to the body without producing any smoke. As vaping is relatively new, little is known about its effects on health, but there's some evidence that e-cigarettes can have a substantial effect on blood vessels, and may increase people's heart attack risk.
Mae sigaréts yn sylwedd cyfreithiol a nhw yw'r un achos mwyaf o afiechyd y gellir ei atal yng Nghymru. Mae sigaréts yn gaethiwus iawn a gallant achosi amrywiaeth o broblemau iechyd, yn arbennig os yw pobl yn eu hysmygu yn y tymor hir. Mae pobl yn debygol o fod ag angen cefnogaeth i roi'r gorau iddi.
Mae sigaréts electronig, neu ‘anweddu’ (vaping) fel y'i gelwir hefyd, yn fodd disodli cymharol newydd am sigaréts y mae rhai pobl yn ei ddefnyddio. Maent yn ddyfeisiau wedi'u pweru gan fatri sy'n cynhesu hylif, fel arfer yn cynnwys nicotin, wedi'i gymysgu â'r cemegau, ac yn aml cyflasynnau, megis gwm swigod a melon dŵr. Mae hyn yn creu anwedd y gall defnyddwyr ei anadlu. Maent yn danfon nicotin, a ganfyddir hefyd mewn sigaréts ac sy'n hynod gaethiwus, i'r corff heb gynhyrchu unrhyw fwg. Gan fod anweddu yn gymharol newydd, ychydig a wyddys am ei effeithiau ar iechyd, ond mae rhywfaint o dystiolaeth y gall e-sigaréts gael effaith sylweddol ar bibellau gwaed, ac y gallent gynyddu risg y bydd pobl yn cael trawiad ar y galon.
Watch the video and identify some of the effects of smoking on the body
Gwyliwch y fideo a nodwch rai o effeithiau ysmygu ar y corff
Case study
Astudiaeth achos
Keith has only just started smoking but he is already addicted and would like to give up. Keith’s friend, Ann, has suggested that he tries vaping products instead of tobacco. After speaking with his mother, she has discovered that vape products are just as bad as tobacco.
Mae Keith newydd ddechrau ysmygu ond mae eisoes yn gaeth a hoffai roi'r gorau iddi. Mae ffrind Keith, Ann, wedi awgrymu ei fod yn rhoi cynnig ar gynhyrchion anweddu yn lle tybaco. Ar ôl siarad â'i fam, mae hi wedi darganfod bod cynhyrchion anweddu yr un mor ddrwg â thybaco.
QuestionCwestiwn | Your ResponseEich Ymateb | Suggested ResponseYmateb Awgrymedig |
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There are many legal and illegal substances that are misused. All substances are addictive and people can become dependent on them to cope with emotional problems. The most common substances that are misused are:
Alcohol is a legal substance and if drunk excessively, is classed as substance misuse. This can result in ill health, accidents, injury, emotional ups and downs, domestic violence and divorce.
Illegal drugs have a range of immediate health risks, some drugs can cause physical or psychological dependency, with the result that larger amounts are needed to get the same effect often leading to long-term damage to the body. Heavy or long-term use of some illegal drugs may cause the user to overdose, which may cause permanent damage to the body and can be fatal.
Legal drugs can also be open to misuse and when misused, can equally have the same serious consequences as illegal drugs.
Solvents are also legal substances. These are legal to buy-lighter fuel, strong glue, aerosols. Sometimes people can breathe in solvents by accident e.g. when using an aerosol.
For further information, click on the links below:
Mae llawer o sylweddau cyfreithiol ac anghyfreithlon a gamddefnyddir. Mae'r holl sylweddau'n gaethiwus a gall pobl ddod yn ddibynnol arnynt er mwyn ymdopi â phroblemau emosiynol. Y sylweddau mwyaf cyffredin a gamddefnyddir yw:
Mae alcohol yn sylwedd cyfreithiol ac os yw'n cael ei yfed yn ormodol, fe'i dosbarthir fel camddefnyddio sylweddau. Gall hyn arwain at iechyd gwael, damweiniau, anafiadau, cynnwrf emosiynol, trais domestig ac ysgariad.
Mae gan gyffuriau anghyfreithlon ystod o risgiau iechyd uniongyrchol, gall rhai cyffuriau achosi dibyniaeth gorfforol neu seicolegol, â'r canlyniad bod angen meintiau mwy i gael yr un effaith, sy'n arwain at niwed tymor hir i'r corff. Gall defnydd trwm neu dymor hir o rai cyffuriau anghyfreithlon beri i'r defnyddiwr gymryd dos gormodol, a allai achosi niwed parhaol i'r corff a gall fod yn angheuol.
Hefyd, gall cyffuriau cyfreithiol fod yn agored i'w camddefnyddio a phan gânt eu camddefnyddio, gallant gael yr un canlyniadau difrifol â chyffuriau anghyfreithlon.
Mae hydoddyddion hefyd yn sylweddau cyfreithiol. Mae'r rhain yn gyfreithiol i'w prynu - tanwydd taniwr, glud cryf, aerosolau. Weithiau gall pobl anadlu hydoddyddion i mewn ar ddamwain, e.e. wrth ddefnyddio aerosol.
I gael gwybodaeth bellach, cliciwch ar y lincs isod:
The people around a person can influence them in many ways. This can be in the form of a role model, such as a celebrity or other person of interest that the person looks up to. Role models can have a significant effect on young people. A role model has the ability to shape the views, ideals and actions of a young person and help pave the way for what they would like to do in the future.
Unfortunately, the people that adolescents look up to aren’t always ideal as their poor behaviour and decisions set a negative example for young people.
Peers can also have a significant impact upon a person, both negatively and positively. Peers can influence a person to smoke cigarettes and drink alcohol. They can also affect a person’s attitude and even everyday decisions they make about food and exercise.
Adults are less likely to feel the need to want to fit into social groups, but they are still likely to be influenced by family and friends in terms of their attitudes and beliefs.
Gall y bobl o amgylch person ddylanwadu arnynt mewn sawl ffordd. Gall hyn fod ar ffurf model rôl, megis rhywun enwog neu berson arall o ddiddordeb y mae'r person yn ei barchu. Gall modelau rôl gael effaith sylweddol ar bobl ifanc. Mae gan fodel rôl y gallu i lunio barn, delfrydau a gweithredoedd person ifanc a helpu i baratoi'r ffordd ar gyfer yr hyn yr hoffent ei wneud yn y dyfodol.
Yn anffodus, nid yw'r bobl y mae pobl ifanc yn eu parchu bob amser yn ddelfrydol gan fod eu hymddygiad a'u penderfyniadau gwael yn gosod esiampl negyddol i bobl ifanc.
Hefyd, gall cyfoedion gael effaith sylweddol ar berson, yn negyddol ac yn gadarnhaol. Gall cyfoedion ddylanwadu ar berson i ysmygu sigaréts ac yfed alcohol. Gallant hefyd effeithio ar agwedd unigolyn a hyd yn oed y penderfyniadau bob dydd a wnânt ynghylch bwyd ac ymarfer corff.
Mae oedolion yn llai tebygol o deimlo'r angen i ffitio i mewn i grwpiau cymdeithasol, ond maent yn dal i fod yn debygol o gael eu dylanwadu gan deulu a ffrindiau o ran eu hagweddau a'u credoau.
Use the thought shower to note as many positive and negative effects of using Facebook as you can think of.
Defnyddiwch y gawod syniadau i nodi cynifer o effeithiau cadarnhaol a negyddol o ddefnyddio Facebook ag y gallwch.
Read the article and consider whether Facebook is good for your health and well-being.
Darllenwch yr erthygl ac ystyriwch a yw Facebook yn dda i'ch iechyd a'ch llesiant.
Positive
Negative
Cadarnhaol
Negyddol
Material deprivation refers to those whose living conditions are affected by not being able to afford certain items. These might include being able to pay the rent or mortgage, bills and loan repayments or to keep their home adequately warm.
High levels of debt can have a negative impact on health and well-being because:
Mae amddifadedd materol yn cyfeirio at y rhai y mae eu hamodau byw yn cael eu heffeithio oherwydd na allant brynu eitemau arbennig. Gall y rhain gynnwys gallu talu’r rhent neu’r morgais, biliau ac ad-daliadau benthyciadau neu gadw eu cartref yn ddigon cynnes.
Gall lefelau uchel o ddyled gael effaith negyddol ar iechyd a llesiant oherwydd:
Want vs Need
Sort these statements into columns based on what you think is a need and what you think we just want. There is no check facility. You need to be able to explain your choices.
Eisiau / Angen
Llusgwch y datganiadau hyn i mewn i golofnau yn seiliedig ar yr hyn rydym ei angen a'r hyn rydym ei eisiau yn eich barn chi. Nid oes cyfleuster gwirio. Bydd angen i chi esbonio'ch dewisiadau.
Case study
Astudiaeth achos
Susan works as a care assistant and her hourly pay is just about the minimum wage, so she takes as much overtime and nights shifts as possible. Susan is in debt and her daughter is also struggling at college as she does not have a computer and a lot of her work requires access to the internet and a computer.
Miriam works as a senior health advisor and earns £80,000 a year. She works 38-40 hours a week. The family are not in debt and at the family home they have a number of rooms and have access to the computer/internet. Miriam’s daughter is doing very well at school.
Look at both case studies above and consider each case study. Consider how material deprivation may influence both case studies, also give some strategies which could help both families.
Mae Susan yn gweithio fel cynorthwyydd gofal ac mae ei chyflog yr awr yn agos iawn at yr isafswm cyflog, felly mae'n cymryd cymaint o oramser a sifftiau nos â phosib. Mae Susan mewn dyled ac mae ei merch hefyd yn cael trafferthion yn y coleg gan nad oes ganddi gyfrifiadur ac mae llawer o'i gwaith yn galw am fynediad i'r rhyngrwyd a chyfrifiadur.
Mae Miriam yn gweithio fel uwch gynghorydd iechyd ac yn ennill £80,000 y flwyddyn. Mae'n gweithio 38-40 awr yr wythnos. Nid yw'r teulu mewn dyled ac yng nghartref y teulu mae ganddynt nifer o ystafelloedd ac mae ganddynt fynediad i'r cyfrifiadur/rhyngrwyd. Mae merch Miriam yn gwneud yn dda iawn yn yr ysgol.
Edrychwch ar y ddwy astudiaeth achos uchod ac ystyriwch bob astudiaeth achos. Ystyriwch sut y gall amddifadedd materol ddylanwadu ar y ddwy astudiaeth achos, hefyd rhowch rai strategaethau a allai helpu'r ddau deulu.
Some strategies which could help – especially for Susan.
Rhai strategaethau a allai helpu - yn arbennig i Susan.
Watch the video clip and identify some of the issues the children face due to living in poverty.
Gwyliwch y clip fideo a nodwch rai o'r materion mae'r plant yn eu hwynebu oherwydd eu bod yn byw mewn tlodi.