Self-harm refers to an intentional act of self-poisoning or self-injury as an expression of emotional distress.

Mae hunan-niweidio yn cyfeirio at weithred fwriadol o hunan-wenwyno neu hunan-anafu fel ffordd o fynegi trallod emosiynol.

Self harming teenager

It has been reported that individuals feel that self-harm helps to relieve tension and makes them feel in control of their own lives.

It is almost impossible to say how many young people are self-harming. This is because very few teenagers tell anyone about it.

It is thought that around 13% of young people may try to hurt themselves on purpose at some point between the ages of 11 and 16, but the actual figure could be much higher.

Girls are thought to be more likely to self-harm than boys, yet boys are more likely to commit suicide. Children who have been abused have also been found more likely to self-harm.

Yn ôl y sôn, mae unigolion yn teimlo bod hunan-niweidio yn helpu i leddfu tensiwn ac yn gwneud iddyn nhw deimlo mewn rheolaeth o'u bywydau eu hunain.

Mae bron yn amhosibl dweud faint o bobl ifanc sy'n hunan-niweidio. Mae hyn oherwydd mai ychydig iawn o bobl yn eu harddegau sy'n sôn am hyn wrth neb arall.

Credir bod tua 13% o bobl ifanc yn ceisio niweidio eu hunain yn fwriadol ar ryw adeg rhwng 11 ac 16 oed, ond gallai'r gwir ffigur fod yn llawer mwy.

Credir bod merched yn fwy tebygol o hunan-niweidio na bechgyn, eto i gyd, mae bechgyn yn fwy tebygol o ladd eu hunain. Hefyd, gwelwyd bod plant sydd wedi cael eu camdrin yn fwy tebygol o hunan-niweidio.

Study the data and answer the questions.

Astudiwch y data ac atebwch y cwestiynau.

Question 1

Cwestiwn 1

Look at the line graph showing emergency admissions due to self-harm at the Betsi Cadwaldr University Health Board covering North Wales. What does the data tell you?

Edrychwch ar y graff llinell sy'n dangos nifer y derbyniadau brys i ysbytai oherwydd hunan-niweidio ym Mwrdd Iechyd Prifysgol Betsi Cadwaladr yng Ngogledd Cymru. Beth mae'r data yn ei ddweud wrthoch chi?

Graph showing number of self-harm emergency admissions, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board & Areas, January 2014 to June 2016 Graph showing number of self-harm emergency admissions, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board & Areas, January 2014 to June 2016

Suggested response:

  • The highest number of admissions were in 2015 and 2016, with 326 admissions in a three-month period.
  • Across all three years, the data recorded shows that the highest number of admissions are between April and June.
  • The highest full year on average was 2015, but as the data for 2016 is incomplete, there is no way of knowing if it would remain the highest.

Ymateb awgrymedig:

  • Roedd y nifer mwyaf o dderbyniadau yn 2015 a 2016, pan dderbyniwyd 326 o unigolion yn ystod cyfnod o dri mis.
  • Dros y tair blynedd, mae'r data a gofnodwyd yn dangos bod y nifer mwyaf o dderbyniadau rhwng mis Ebrill a mis Mehefin.
  • Cofnodwyd y nifer mwyaf ar gyfartaledd yn 2015, ond gan fod y data ar gyfer 2016 yn anghyflawn, does dim ffordd o wybod a fyddai’n dal i fod y nifer mwyaf.

Question 2

Cwestiwn 2

Which county in North Wales had the highest number of suicides between 2014 and 2015?

Ym mha sir yng Ngogledd Cymru roedd y nifer mwyaf o achosion o hunanladdiad rhwng 2014 a 2015?

Chart showing number of suicides, all persons, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board and local authorities, 2014-2015 Chart showing number of suicides, all persons, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board and local authorities, 2014-2015

Suggested response: Flintshire

Ateb awgrymedig: Sir y Fflint

Question 3

Cwestiwn 3

Which age group for each sex is most likely to self-harm?

Pa grŵp oedran o bob rhyw sy'n fwyaf tebygol o hunan-niweidio?

Graph showing temporal trends in annual age specific self harm incidence stratified by sex Graph showing temporal trends in annual age specific self harm incidence stratified by sex
Graph showing temporal trends in annual age specific self harm incidence stratified by sex Graph showing temporal trends in annual age specific self harm incidence stratified by sex
Source: The British Medical JournalFfynhonnell: The British Medical Journal

Suggested response: Boys most commonly self-harm between the ages of 17 and 19. For girls, the most common age range was 17-19 up until 2011, but now it is girls between the ages of 13 and 16 who are more likely to self-harm.

Ymateb awgrymedig: Mae bechgyn yn fwy tebygol o hunan-niweidio rhwng 17 ac 19 oed. Hyd at 2011, yr oedran mwyaf cyffredin i ferched oedd rhwng 17 ac 19 oed, ond erbyn hyn merched rhwng 13 ac 16 oed yw'r mwyaf tebygol o hunan-niweidio.