Measuring growth and development

Mesur tyfu a datblygu

Measuring height

Centile Charts

Growth records are essential in the assessment of every child. Many illnesses and diseases can affect growth so any deviation from the expected growth norms are an early warning sign that something is wrong.

Health professionals plot three key growth details of the individual child - height, weight and head circumference - against national growth averages. This information is used to identify illness or highlight other medical issues such as obesity.

These may be used throughout the life cycle but are particularly important during infancy and early childhood. They are included in the Personal Child Health Record (PCHR) commonly known as the 'red book', which is given to the parents on or just after the birth of their child, and is used by health professionals and parents to record standard health details such as height and weight as well as developmental milestones such as first words and first time walking.

Further reading
Read the growth charts fact sheet from the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health: https://www.rcpch.ac.uk/resources/growth-charts

Schedule of Growing Skills (SGS)

This is an assessment tool used by professionals to establish the developmental levels of children. The individual assessment can be used at any time with children from birth to 5 years, enabling professionals to assess them as and when appropriate and convenient.

The SGS provides a reliable ‘snapshot’ of a child’s developmental level, including areas of strength and potential delay. It examines nine key areas of development:

  • passive posture
  • active posture
  • locomotor
  • manipulative
  • visual
  • hearing and language
  • speech and language
  • interactive social
  • self-care social.

Using colourful and engaging toys like building blocks, a doll, pegs and shapes, the assessment tasks feel like playtime to the child, allowing professionals to observe and assess reactions while the child ‘plays’. A simple scoring system highlights developmental areas where children might potentially have a delay, indicating where referral might be necessary.

Siartiau Canraddau

Mae cofnodion tyfu yn hanfodol wrth asesu pob plentyn. Gall sawl math o salwch ac anhwylder effeithio ar y gallu i dyfu felly mae unrhyw beth sy'n wahanol i'r hyn a ddisgwylir yn rhybudd cynnar bod rhywbeth o'i le.

Bydd gweithwyr iechyd proffesiynol yn gosod manylion tyfu allweddol y plentyn unigol – taldra, pwysau a chylchedd y pen – yn erbyn cyfartaleddau tyfu cenedlaethol. Caiff y wybodaeth hon ei defnyddio i nodi salwch neu dynnu sylw at broblemau meddygol eraill fel gordewdra.

Gall y fath wybodaeth gael ei defnyddio drwy gydol y cylch bywyd ond mae'n hynod bwysig yn ystod babandod a phlentyndod cynnar. Fe'i cynhwysir yng Nghofnod Iechyd Personol y Plentyn, neu'r 'llyfr coch', a roddir i'r rhieni adeg geni eu plentyn, neu'n fuan wedyn, ac a ddefnyddir gan weithwyr iechyd proffesiynol a rhieni er mwyn cofnodi manylion iechyd safonol fel taldra a phwysau, yn ogystal â cherrig milltir datblygiadol fel geiriau cyntaf a cherdded am y tro cyntaf.

Darllen pellach
Darllenwch daflen ffeithiau siartiau tyfu Coleg Brenhinol y Pediatregwyr ac Iechyd Plant: https://www.rcpch.ac.uk/resources/growth-charts

Amserlen Sgiliau Tyfu

Adnodd asesu yw hwn a ddefnyddir gan weithwyr proffesiynol er mwyn pennu lefelau datblygiadol plant. Gall yr asesiad unigol gael ei ddefnyddio unrhyw bryd gyda phlant o'u geni hyd at bump oed, gan alluogi gweithwyr proffesiynol i'w hasesu fel sy'n briodol ac yn gyfleus.

Mae'r amserlen yn cynnig 'cipolwg' dibynadwy ar lefel ddatblygiadol plentyn, gan gynnwys meysydd cryfder ac oedi posibl. Mae'n archwilio naw maes datblygu allweddol:

  • ymddaliad goddefol
  • ymddaliad gweithredol
  • ymsymudol
  • llawdrin
  • gweledol
  • clyw ac iaith
  • lleferydd ac iaith
  • cymdeithasol rhyngweithiol
  • hunanofal cymdeithasol.

Gan ddefnyddio teganau lliwgar a diddorol fel blociau adeiladu, dol, pegiau a siapiau, mae'r tasgau asesu yn teimlo fel amser chwarae i'r plentyn, gan alluogi gweithwyr proffesiynol i arsylwi ar adweithiau a'u hasesu wrth i'r plentyn 'chwarae'. Mae system sgorio syml yn tynnu sylw at feysydd datblygiadol lle gallai'r plentyn brofi oedi, gan ddynodi lle gallai fod angen atgyfeirio.

Growth and development 0-19

Tyfu a datblygu 0-19

Look at the centile charts from the World Health Organisation and identify where these height and weights of average ages would fit.

Edrychwch ar y siartiau canraddau oddi wrth Sefydliad Iechyd y Byd gan nodi lle byddai'r taldra a'r pwysau ar gyfer oedrannau cyfartalog yn mynd.

https://www.rcpch.ac.uk/sites/default/files/Girls_0-4_years_growth_chart.pdf

https://www.rcpch.ac.uk/sites/default/files/Boys_0-4_years_growth_chart.pdf

https://www.rcpch.ac.uk/sites/default/files/Boys_2-18_years_growth_chart.pdf

https://www.rcpch.ac.uk/sites/default/files/Girls_2-18_years_growth_chart.pdf